Subject Leadership Review of Literature Essay

Key in ‘What makes an effective leader/manager? ‘ into any google search, and immediately thousands of explanations appear. The terms are usually used, nevertheless rarely identified consistently.

The National School of School Leadership define these people separately stating that ‘Leadership is about having vision and articulating, ordering priorities, having others to select you, frequently reviewing everything you are doing and holding on to things value. Supervision is about the functions, types of procedures and systems by which you realise the eyesight. ‘ In their discussion paper ‘Transforming University: a discussion paper'(March 2007), Estyn states that ‘The greatest features of great leadership certainly are a strong sense of course, a clear focus on teaching and learning and a relentless emphasis on increasing standards’. Strangely enough, they don’t define supervision at all.

Northouse P (2004) identifies several common topics in command. These are; that ‘leadership is known as a process, it involves affect, it happens in a group context and it involves the accomplishment of goals’. There is a great overlap among Northouse’s common themes as well as the ideas of many others including Grint’s (1997) ideas of four ‘problems’ (process, position, beliefs and purity) and Blanchard and Hersey’s ‘Situational Leadership’. In recent years, Management has begun to become aligned with business and management theories and designs.

This has led some to question the differences between command and management. In his book ‘The fresh meaning of educational change’, Fullan (1991) states that leadership relates to ‘mission, direction and inspiration’ whereas management is related to ‘designing and putting into action plans, operating effectively with individuals and getting things done’. In the book ‘Managing on the Edge, Pascale R (1990) says that ‘Managers do things correct, while frontrunners do the right thing’.

Inspite of the appeal of a distinction among leadership and management, there is doubt whether or not the two could be distinguished used. Gosling and Murphy (2004) cite the need for a leader to obtain consistency, predictability and a feeling of continuity – things normally associated with administration – recommending an overlap between the two.

An individual must have the ability to progress from a ‘management’ function to a ‘leadership’ role whilst being the same person, leading to Mintzberg (1975) suggesting the idea that ‘it may be more useful to end up pregnent of leadership as one of the roles a director undertakes, compared to something distinct and apart. ‘ Romance Between Command and College Improvement Busher H and Harris A (2000) suggest that ‘research findings…have revealed the powerful impact of command on techniques related to university effectiveness and improvement’. The TTA claims in its Nationwide Standards to get Subject Leaders (1998) that the core purpose of the subject innovator is ‘to provide professional leadership and management for any subject to secure high quality educating, effective usage of resources and improved standards of learning and achievement for all learners. ‘ Scholar achievement is often a key consideration for any instructor and Field et ing (2000) accept this stating that ‘effective leadership could have a crucial effect on pupil success. ‘ The niche leader includes a central role in promoting high standards within schools, and the importance of this leadership position is recognized by the significance placed on that during inspections.

Key Questions 5; ‘How effective will be leadership and strategic supervision? ‘, six; ‘How very well do market leaders and managers evaluate and improve quality and specifications? ‘ and 7; ‘How efficient are leaders and managers in using methods? ‘, put emphasis wholly in leadership and management within a school and the direct impact their activities have in pupil success and progress. It is crucial consequently , as a subject leader to remember that ‘subject leaders can make a difference to subject area overall performance in very similar way because head-teachers contribute to overall college performance’ Busher H and Harris A (2000).

Qualities of Successful Leadership Seeking back throughout history, you will of an successful leader will be defined through the actions and thoughts of so many. Heading back to historical Greece, Xenophen, a thinker and soldier, gave a directory of qualities required to be a Standard – an innovator. These included: temperance, rights, sagacity, amiability, presence of mind, tactfulness, humanity, sympathy, helpfulness, valor, magnanimity, generosity and helpfulness.

Indeed, Basic Bernard Montgomery – an effective British Standard during the Ww2 often offered the attributes that the Ancient greek language philosopher Aristotle regarded as staying important for leaders. These included justice, prudence, temperance and fortitude. Throughout his analysis, psychologist Daniel Goleman created these suggestions further nonetheless and learned that effective frontrunners are alike in one crucial way; ‘they all have a high amount of emotional brains. ‘ This individual believes which the essential element for leadership is Emotional Intelligence, and this includes self-awareness, self-regulation, determination, empathy and social skill.

In the Holy bible, Jesus says ‘Let the best among you feel as the youngest and the leader as one who provides. ‘ Over a similar series, British Excellent Minister Benjamin Disraeli is definitely quoted to acquire said ‘I must follow the people. Am I not their Head? ‘ One common thread shows up in the concepts of so many leaders through out history; that leadership is not regarding controlling persons, but about inspiring these people sufficiently to create them desire to follow you.

General William Slim, a British Military Leader who offered in the First and Second Wold Wars said ‘The true test of leadership is usually not if the men will follow you in success, but since they will keep by you in hardship and eliminate. ‘ Command Styles and their Impact In order for those guys to ‘stick by you in hardship and defeat’, an effective innovator must absolutely need to have an excellent leadership style, appropriate for what is happening and for the duties or procedures that are going on. To define this, various ‘leadership styles’ have been developed. Hay Mcber (2000), a management agency, reveals half a dozen leadership variations: visionary, training, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and commanding.

Goleman et ing (2002) looked into these leadership styles, and concluded that the first 4 were connected with a positive impact on performance than the others. They also concluded that leaders needed to be good at all four styles, drawing on them because needed according to personas and situations. They also learned that pace-setting and commanding market leaders might have a short-term impact under particular conditions, although sooner or later are unsuccessful because they will de-motivate people.

It is therefore, important as a subject head to be aware of the way in which we business lead, adapting the design depending upon the specific incident or perhaps situation. Field et al (2000) claim that ‘a extensive repertoire of styles permits the leader to generate quick decisions when necessary, to consult as appropriate and generally to do something according to the circumstance and circumstances at the time’. It is therefore very clear that a head who can adapt their management style to accommodate the situation will likely be a lot more powerful than one that sticks for the same unbending, de-motivational design. National College of School Management. Effective Institution Leadership.

Mentioned from: http://forms.ncsl.org.uk/media/603/D7/effective-school-leadership-contributions-of-school-effectiveness-research.pdf Estyn. Modifying Schools: a discussion paper. March 2007. Her Majesty’s Inspectorate for Education and Training in Wales. (pp30. ) Goleman D. Emotional Intelligence.

1995. Bantam Literature. (Building Emotionally Intelligent Organisations pp 327-332. ) The Holy Bible. New Testament. Luke twenty two: 21-30. Oxford University Press. Northouse S. 2004. Leadership: Theory and Practice. Greater london: Sage Journals Ltd. pp19-37. Grint K. 1997. Leadership: Classical, Modern day and Important Approaches. Oxford. Oxford University or college Press. Blanchard K, Hersey P. 1968. Situational Command. Cited by http://www.12manage.com/methods_blanchard_situational_leadership.html Fullen M. 1991. The New Which means of Educational Change. Birmingham: Cassell. Ryan gosling J, Murphy A. 2005. Leading Continuity. Exeter: Middle for Management Studies, University or college of Exeter. TTA. 1998. National Requirements for Subject matter Leaders. London: TTA.

Busher H and Harris A. 2000. Subject matter Leadership and School Improvement. London: PCP. pp183-196. Hay Management Consultants. 2000. The teachings of Management. London: Writer. Goleman D, Boyatzis R and McKee A. 2002. Primal Leadership. Boston: Harvard Business Review. Field T, Holden L and Lawler H. 2150. Effective Subject Leadership. London, uk: Routledge. pp 221.