Transition in to late adulthood research newspaper

Erik Erikson, Eriksons Theory, Integrity, Depression Inside the Elderly

Excerpt from Exploration Paper:

Transition In to Late Adult life

Late Adulthood

Grade Training course

While at a singke hand an old gentleman in his sixties would enjoy the past numerous years of his existence sharing activities about college sports, dating spots and holiday break fun, an elderly female would work grumpy displaying discontent on every dish being served for a supper. Such situations are commonly seen in day-to-day lifestyle which surrounds people within their late adulthood; a period in 60s where according to Erik Erikson (1963), persons aim at finding satisfaction within their lives instead of becoming frustrated. Hence, the transition to late adult life is a period marked with physical, sociable and psychological challenges which can be usually confronted by nearly all person.

Life is divided into several phases where a child sooner or later grows up and it is faced by reality of life. Eventually, he offers school, parties and fast food revolving around him when ever suddenly this can be replaced with moving away from family, trying to find a job and choosing a spouse. After passing this level, individuals get into middle adulthood where aside from working upon their own family ties, that they feel the need to do something for the contemporary society and young generations. When reflecting back again on their previous, individuals have gradually entered the last level of their lifestyle. The phase of shifting from middle section to overdue adulthood can be characterized by physical, cognitive and psychosocial alterations. The process of ageing is characterized by the decline of sensory ability, your skin eventually seems to lose elasticity, bone tissues and muscle tissue become weak, immunity falls and sexual acts lowers. Likewise, the introduction of late adult life eventually incurs a showing signs of damage memory whereas intelligence is often seen to remain intact regardless of aging process.

In the same way, the move to overdue adulthood is known as a time which usually according to Erikson (1963) and other theorist is a level where old adults have to deal with the challenge of ego integrity and lose hope and in which depression is normally seen to dwell around elder persons. Therefore , time when a person decides to retire by his work, when he becomes eligible for interpersonal security and starts to delight in other benefits, is the period where he enters late adult life. Society generally expects such people to have got fewer duties, lower level of one’s and very little independence. Though such targets discourage the elder individuals, many always maintain potency and efficacy and level of activities.

Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial stages of Creation

Erikson (1963) is famous for making the psychosocial stages of development which usually divides the development of individuals into different phases in association with their age. In his theory, Erikson provides characterized people over 65 to belong to the stage of late adult life. Like every additional stage, this phase is likewise marked using a conflict. Basically, people within their late adulthood are be subject to integrity or perhaps despair. Relating to Erikson (1963), people over sixty five years are likely to look back at their life and reflect. In the event they come throughout healthy incidents; getting away with the little discontentment and generally being happy with days gone by accomplishments, they might develop a impression of sincerity. On the other hand, although reflecting backside, those individuals who also are regretful of the prior life usually experience the a sense of despair which usually leaves these anger and discontent. These stages have been also explained and referred by additional researchers who have based all their entire studies on the phases of psychological development. On this factor, people who have achieved a sense of ethics tend to encounter satisfaction and wholeness.

These adults include accepted the disappointments achieved earlier in every area of your life and adjust to these alterations considering these people vital forever. Studies have revealed a coherent website link between ego integrity and psychosocial health among persons in the period of late adult life (Zarrett, 2007).

On the other hand, the negative end result of this psychosocial stage is despair. Adults who feel that they have produced bad decisions in their earlier experience give up hope. Consequently, that they find it difficult to acknowledge the reality of death and be hopeless and defeated. This kind of attitude is demonstrated through anger and contempt towards others.

Theory of Robert Peck

Robert Peck (1968) has additional explained the term of spirit integrity while put forward by Erikson. Peck (1968) discusses a number of duties which are in short , discussed beneath:

ego difference is a process accomplished by those who have invested in their particular careers and whose self-worth is described by friends and family, peers as well as the surrounding.

An additional task of ego honesty is body system transcendence which can be the take action of paying physical some weakness by excelling in cultural, emotional as well as the cognitive world.

Ego transcendence according to Peck (1968) is the acceptance of death and the measures taken by individuals to secure the younger generations. Study reveals which the latter two tasks are seen to be increased in late adulthood (Brown Lowis, 2003).

Theory of Labouvie-Vief

According to Labouvie-Vief (2003), regardless of the deteriorating health, memory, loss of family and friends, old people are generally viewed to live in positive outlook. Not only this, it is additionally conspicuous that most of the midsection aged and elderly persons are seen identify the previous encounters with higher emotions and feeling of connection. In this way, the old adults usually regulate the negativities of life simply using a coping mechanism which revolves around emotions.

It is quite common to observe elderly visitors to be extremely involved in reminiscence. They are often noticed to tell stories and discuss the past lifestyle events and such a tendencies if often seen as a getaway from the actuality of life. In contrast, the existing studies consider that a reflection on past activites is instead positive and crucial. As a matter of fact, memory is a centered activity which will reduces the bitterness of life and keeps the person busy.. In comparison, there are many parents whose reminiscence is proclaimed with a cultural focus including the thoughts revolving around family and friends. Such people also check out their earlier and discover find solutions to problems methods therefore teaching the youth as to how to deal with this sort of situations (Cappeliez Rourke, 2011).

While discussing the period recently adulthood, it is also important to highlight the persona characteristics and attitude from the elderly. Research suggest that persons tend to be agreeable and generous inside their late lifestyle. Moreover, people in this phase of life are seen to become more linked to their own friends and family because of who their social contacts will be automatically simplified.

In contrast to these kinds of characteristics noticed in the majority of the parents, some are as well seen to get dissatisfied and short tempered which in turn impacts their health (Mroczek Spiro, 2009). Parents are seen indicate upon their particular past, cope with their health conditions and the discomfort of dropping loved ones, and are generally seen to get content and satisfied. This raises a question as to just how can they always be distressed and satisfied at the same time? The answer is based on the element of spirituality as mentioned by Peck and Erikson.

Role of spirituality and religion at the end of Adulthood

Spirituality is different coming from religion as it is inspiration which can be derived through art, music, prayers, human relationships and more. However , religion supplies meaning and sense of self which usually directs living of many. Actually, older people are noticed to consider religion extremely important. The effects of a national survey reflect that many the Us citizens above sixty five years of age say that religion is crucial for them (Gallup News Services, 2006). Most of them are occupied attending religious services, praying and viewing religious reveals. Being involved in the religious methods is associated with a number of advantages such as psychological as well as fitness and health, and improved generativity. On this factor, research demonstrates the spiritual participation leads to a longer survival of the aged adults (Strawbridge, 2001). Studies have consequently focused on discovering the associating between religion and your life satisfaction and integrity a key determinant of psychological well being; an important aim of the phase of old adult life. Also some studies like the one done by Wink Dillon (2001), propose that the earlier interest toward religious activities ensure religiousness in the late adult life as well.

Actually, the function of religion at the end of adulthood is observed by the hyperlink between generativity and psychosocial well being. Put simply, studies illustrate that people who are religious are seen to go to church and actively engage in the members. Moreover, they also do something about similar spiritual principles that are shown through their day to day routine activities. Seeing that Erikson (1963) talks about generativity as the care for others, the aspect of faith adds a meaning for the life of old adults who automatically become the part model for the younger generation. In this manner, religiousness promotes the psychological well-being among people in the phase of late adulthood.

The Psychological challenges in Late Adulthood

The psychosocial functioning and well-being is considerably affected by the