Reaction of catalase with hydrogen peroxide

Reaction of catalase with hydrogen peroxide AIM: I seek to find the speed of effect between catalase and hydrogen peroxide. Digestive enzymes such as Catalase are healthy proteins molecules which have been found in living cells. They can be used to improve specific reactions in the cellular material. Each chemical just works one particular reaction so they all are very particular. Catalase nutrients found in living cells e. g. in yeast, spud or hard working liver, speed up (in our case) the wearing down of hydrogen peroxide. The lock and key analogy¦ The locking mechanism is the enzyme and its effective sight can be where you place the key in.

It is very important like the substrate that comes and you possess to the energetic site and also the key best suited into the fasten. The collision theory The collision theory explains prices of reaction in terms of the motion of particles inside the reactants. For a reaction to happen the reactant particles must collide. Simply a certain amount of the overall collisions trigger chemical modify, these are named successful crashes. The good collisions have sufficient energy at this time of effect to break the present bonds and form fresh bonds, for that reason leading to the merchandise of the reaction Temperature. At a higher temperatures, reactant particles are moving faster with greater average kinetic strength. Therefore really them conflict with enough energy to cause a good reaction. -Concentration. At a greater concentration, there is a greater potential for reactant contaminants colliding with one another with enough energy to cause a powerful reaction. Level of reaction is straight proportional which means if you twice the focus it will dual the rate of reaction. -Surface area. More compact particles, e. g. in powders have a much greater surface area than lumps or rystals. Which has a greater area, more accident can take place. Rate of reaction consequently doubles if the surface area in the reactant particles double. Speculation I foresee that while the base concentration of hydrogen peroxide increases the price of response will also increase. I as well predict that as the substrate focus decreases, it will require more time for the o2 to be developed. However when the enzyme molecules go beyond the amount of substrates accessible in hydrogen peroxide the reaction will no longer increase.

It is because there being more substrate elements to respond with the active site, leading to more regular successful accidents. Consequently, if the hydrogen peroxide particles break up faster even more oxygen and water may be released meaning a faster reaction usually takes place Basic safety rules Use eye safeguard (goggles) and cover clothes when using hydrogen peroxide (apron). Wash splashes of catalase or hydrogen peroxide off of the skin right away. Take care placing the bung in the cone-shaped flask- it takes to be a small fit, and so push and twist the bung together with care.

Primary work Once beginning my experiment I carried out a preliminary test to determine what worked best, and gave the most accurate and reliable results. After my own preliminary work I decided i would use the concentrations 1cm?, 2cm?, 3cm?, 4cm? and 5cm? as they gave the most correct reliable benefits. Equipment 1 x 250ml conical flask- to hold the perfect solution is 1 x bung with delivery tube- bung to be sure no air can get away and delivery tube for the oxygen to travel through. 1 back button 100ml measuring cylinder- to contain and measure accurately the distilled water. 1 x 25ml measuring cylinder- to evaluate accurately the catalase option 1 x 10ml computing cylinder- to measure accurately the hydrogen peroxide you x plastic material tub ” to develop the distilled normal water 1 back button goggles- pertaining to safety purposes. 1 back button 10ml syringe- to place the hydrogen peroxide in the conical flask. 1 by stop watch- to assess accurately time it takes pertaining to the reaction to take place. Catalase liver solution- the perfect solution we will be investigating 20 volume of hydrogen peroxide- to cause the reaction that we will be looking into Distilled water- to thin down catalase.

Our company is using distilled water to ensure all the water has the same pH, guaranteeing accurate benefits. Cardboard rectangle- to ensure zero water escapes when tipping the 100ml measuring canister into the plastic material tub. TECHNIQUE 1 . Gather all the equipment and set it up in a crystal clear working space. 2 . Fill up the plastic-type material tub about halfway to the top, with tap water. a few. Place the cardboard boxes square together with the 100ml measuring canister, making sure no water can get out, turn it over in to the tub trying to loose as little water as possible. Your partner must keep the canister steady and vertical. 4.

Using the 25ml measuring canister, measure 5cm? of catalyse, and serve this into the conical flask. As we are employing 5cm? of catalase at this time we do not have to dilute that, as the overall solution is definitely 5cm?. Thus seal your conical flask with a bung. (To help to make things simpler you should accumulate the catalase and hydrogen peroxide in two beakers so that you believe it is easier to assess accurately from. ) your five. Using your syringe you evaluate 5cm? of hydrogen peroxide. Then you can put syringe in the hole in the bung. six. Now put the delivery tube that is attached to the bung underneath the 100ml measuring canister in the drinking water.. Once this is certainly done, you are ready to period your reaction. Push down on the syringe, adding the hydrogen peroxide to the catalase solution, and begin your stopwatch. You should period how long it will take for how much water to reach 100ml to 0ml. At the time you change the attention for example to 3cm? of catalase, you may then need to make use of distilled water to create the quantity of 5cm?. So therefore you should have to add 2cm3 of distilled drinking water to create the total amount. You will do that for each of your 5 picked concentrations.

You must repeat the experiment for every single concentration 3 times so that it will give you accurate trusted results and so that an average can be obtained!! Parameters When undertaking my test, I will come across variables which may affect the outcomes of my experiment. The variables will be as follows: Self-employed variable: this can be the only feature that will modify throughout the research. I will change the concentration of catalyse by simply changing the number of water added, because We am investigating whether diverse concentrations of catalase, impact the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

The rate gradually increases the moment more base is added because a lot of active sites of the enzyme are being used, this results in even more reactions and so the amount of oxygen is manufactured more quickly. As soon as the amount of substrate substances added exceeds the number of lively sites offered then the charge of effect will no longer increase. This is because the maximum number of reactions has taken place without more lively sites can be found. Dependent changing: this is variable is the one particular I was measuring, therefore in this experiment the centered variable is definitely the time delivered to release 100cm3 of o2 in mere seconds.

The rest of my parameters need to be managed and monitored so that they may affect the outcomes of my personal experiment. I will keep most theses variables the same through my research. Controlled adjustable: I will keep your pH stability of the normal water the same. Merely use a several pH with each test, this will indicate the reaction are not able to come about. As when an enzyme surpasses its optimum pH equilibrium it will begin to denature, for that reason meaning zero reaction may take place. Let me monitor this by using distilled water with each of my experiments, as distilled water includes a pH of 7.

I will utilize distilled drinking water in my catalase solution, so that all experiments use a pH of 7. Manipulated variable: Let me keep the temperature of my personal catalase option the same during all my tests. A higher temp will make the molecules independent and move about faster. It will eventually give them more energy to develop more successful reactions. Therefore raising the rate of reaction. Therefore , a lower temperatures will sluggish the speed from which the substances move and minimize the number and strength of collisions. Managed variable: Let me keep the attention of hydrogen peroxide a similar.

Oxygen has off faster if the hydrogen peroxide is concentrated than whether it is dilute. The bigger the attention the faster the rate of reaction, it is because there are more hydrogen peroxide molecules, which in turn increases the chance of a successful effect. Therefore increasing the rate of reaction. Manipulated variable: Let me keep the total amount of catalase remedy and total volume of hydrogen peroxide the same throughout, maintaining a total amount of 10cm3. If the total volume of the solution is different in that case this will impact the rate of reaction supplying inaccurate hard to rely on results. End result table Amount of catalase |Volume of h20 |Volume of 20V h202 |Time considered for 100cm3 to be related (Sec) |Average |Average price of | |solution (cm3) |(cm3) |(cm3) | |(cm3) |reaction (100/s) | | | | |1st | |5 |4. 99 |4. 73 |4. 53 | |4 |2. 5 |2. 70 |2. 66 | |3 |1. 92 |1. 88 |1. 84 | |2 |1. 19 |1. 18 |1. 16 | |1 |0. 91 |0. 87 |0. 87 | From these kinds of rates I had been able to story a chart of how attentiveness of catalse affected the speed of response. (Refer to hand drawn graph)

Conclusion Via my graph I deduce that most of my results were quite correct, as my line of best suit runs through two of my error bars and is fairly close to the other two. For four away of five of my effects the problem bars are small which means I performed my test carefully with minimal errors. This means that my own results are accurate and trustworthy. However , my fifth mistake bar is exceptionally progressive from my own line of best suit. The error bar is usually large meaning that the test was not completed with enough accuracy or a thing went incorrect whilst carrying out the try things out.

Things that may have damaged the result to get 5cm3 happen to be: Human error- I could make an error once taking the psychic readings and/or I really could have dubiously stopped the stop watch. Contamination- if the tools hadn’t recently been sufficiently cleaned after every single experiment then there could had been cross contamination of the solutions. This would affect the overall end result therefore bringing about unreliable effects. Fault in equipment- there may have been a fault inside the equipment that individuals used to carry out the try things out.

However this kind of probably was not the case the reason behind that being all the other four concentration effects came out correct and the same equipment was use through the experiment. Total I believe that my results that I collected are dependable and accurate because my own line of best suit goes through or perhaps very close to all the error bars apart from one, which was most probably because of human error or combination contamination of solutions resulting from unclean equipment. Now taking a look at my graph I can notice that the results I got for the attentiveness 5cm3 was an outlier.

Therefore if I was to do this try things out again I might repeat the experiment for the concentration. Analysis I think the great points of my experiment had been that I had taken care and precision with measuring out all the different pieces, I also made sure We collected the results because precisely as is feasible to ensure I got the most correct reliable outcomes. I thought another good aspect of my own experiment is that I handled the hydrogen peroxide properly and had zero spillages. This made sure that I was secure at all times. I do think the bad level of my own experiment was that I was not able to control among the variables which was temperature.

The experiments had been carried out by room temperatures, but this kind of temperature had not been accurately continuous because there are many factors that can affect the temp of the place, e. g. a home window being opened, heating getting turned on. The temperature can affect the level of reaction.. A higher temperature will make the molecules separate and maneuver around faster. It is going to give them more energy to create more successful reactions. Therefore increasing the rate of reaction. So , a lower temp will sluggish the speed from which the substances move and decrease the number and strength of collisions.

If I was to perform this investigation again I might use a gas syringe to obtain more accurate benefits. The gas syringe offers marks along its size which permit the volume of collected gas to get measured. Applying this instead of studying from the 100ml measuring canister it would give more reliable outcomes. Another thing I might change would be the amount of times I accomplished the trials for the various concentrations. I would repeat the experiment six times every single, this is dual amount of times I repeated my tests in this research. The more instances I do it again the test the more exact my common rate of reaction can be.

I would also use catalase in the same hard working liver. Different samples of catalase could cause negative variation during my data which will would have an effect on my general result. Basically controlled this kind of factor through the use of catalase through the same hard working liver it would produce more accurate dependable results. To conclude I have loved this investigation and have discovered a lot about rates of reaction and just how different factors and variables may affect them. Ellie Gibbons. 6096 GCSE biology coursework 2H2O2 CATALASE2H2O+O2