Qualitative research review essay

Hello there, my name is Cindy Walters. I am delivering a qualitative research evaluate on a study conducted in 2011 on people with bipolar disorder with comorbid substance use. The study is definitely entitled “The lived experience of adults with bipolar disorder and comorbid substance employ disorder written by Terry Keep, MSN, PhD, RN. Zweipolig disorder entails changes in cognition, behavior, and mood. The episodes of bipolar disorder cycle through mania and depression. Pallino is described as an elevated, atrabiliario, or expansive mood, whereas depression is the opposite or perhaps hypomania.

In the manic stage people present as sanguine, enthusiastic, and optimistic with an contagious personality. The euphoric state may all of a sudden may be replaced by severe irritability if the persons demands are not fulfilled. In a mania phase the individual’s speech could possibly be rapid, noisy, intrusive, and hard to adhere to or disrupt. If somebody tries to interrupt a manic person they can just as quickly become, threatening, irascible or assaultive (Ebert, Release, Nurcombe & Leckman, 2008).

Substance abuse is the excess use of drugs including alcohol, dubious drugs, and prescription medications. The quantity of people harming drugs and alcohol is around 3. 4 million. Those individuals abusing have got a greater transform of purchasing a mental disorder for a price of 2. 7 times much more likely than a non-abuser, according to the Nationwide Survey upon Drug Use and Wellness individuals with a psychiatric medical diagnosis such as bipolar disorder include 28. 8% chance of substance abuse or use of drugs. People using drugs with a mental disorder, in a year will be diagnosed as dependent on them (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & Leckman, 2008). If bipolar disorder and substance employ disorder are combined, there is a devastating effect with negative outcomes for all those individuals. Comprehending the problem with the cabability to manage zweipolig disorder with the proper treatment, health care providers can increase patient effects and his or perhaps her outlook on life. The problem is evidently stated in this and initial paragraph in the study.

A number of statistics of drug make use of are offered to give the reader an estimate and prevalence of this addiction with an unknown trigger. The author dealt with four hypotheses to explain this phenomenon. The negative outcomes in the usage of substances and bipolar disorder affect a person emotionally, physically, and functionally. Mcdougal stated the prevalence was high and does not receive enough attention in research studies. With additional knowledge, physicians will be able to bring in new avenues for study, education, and nursing practice. The purpose of the analysis is to observe how the people perceive their very own day- to- day experience of living with the disorders. Research done by Cassidy et ‘s. (2001) addressed supporting and maintaining the patient’s balance and quality lifestyle with effective treatment. Additional studies dedicated to pharmacotherapy, psychological factors, and interventions as areas of study. Little studies have been performed on the trends.

The specialist provided the broad system for a qualitative study for individuals to share and speak openly of their experience with the wish the patients will be read, get support, and have better outcomes. The strategy of this study was a descriptive and phenomenological design. “Phenomenology accepts the fact that truth could be revealed through the words of those that live the feeling and that all those words may describe the essence of these lived experience (Thomas & Pollio, 2002, pg. 184). “Descriptive phenomenology has it is emphasis on describing universal essences through immediate interaction between researcher as well as the objects of study (Wojnar & Swanson, 2007, pg. 22). Conclusions could be drawn from the researcher of the subject experiences. The process adequately dealt with the topic and gave credit to the subject matter experiences of living with a dual prognosis. The design was consistent with qualitative studies and proved to be as descriptive and truthful as the researcher intended. Testing was acquired over a four month period with the use of fliers.

Fliers comprised inclusion requirements and had been validated by expert researchers for content, reliability, and readability. Likewise in the fliers contents were the specialist contact information, dangers, and great things about the study. Mental health care centers were the foundation for the distribution of the fliers for subjects from the study. Snowballing and testimonials came from doctor’s offices and recovery centers for abuse that were also included inside the distribution of flier pertaining to subjects. The credibility originated in phone calls made by potential subject matter calling the researcher and were given reiterated instructions in the explanation pertaining to the study, addition criteria, exclusion criteria, hazards, and benefits. The test consisted of 12 stable subjects not employing drugs using a self-reported zweipolig disorders, rather than currently manic or stressed out. The demographics pulled out man, female, indicate age, and nationality. The description in the inclusion criteria showed the participants inferred for the sample had been familiar and knowledgeable about the subject.

The participants were selected for the purpose of conveying their connection with living with the dual diagnosis for this analyze. The criteria and descriptions had been consistent pertaining to qualitative research. The test size was small and contains only one man. Although information indicate more females include a dual diagnosis of bipolar disorder with substance employ disorder (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & Leckman, 2008). Data collection started with IRB approval and a created and verbal informed agreement. Written approval was received for audiotaping of interviews with the understanding that at any time should the participant decided to go with, the recorders could be deterred or the interview stopped. During emotional times of the participants they were asked by the investigator if they wanted the tape switched off or wish to stop the interview.

Probe questions were used by the researcher to find the participant to expand prove explanations and thoughts. Wards probe questions were “describe for me a normal day that could help me know what your life is like or “how did you are feeling when you were told you had both bipolar disorder and a substance use disorder?  seemed to prompt the participant of talking (pg. 21). During the inquiries the investigator jotted notes on the mood, emotion, and expression with the participant the audio would not capture. Individuals also distributed concerns of ridicule, health conditions that complicated their lives, and the deficiency of acceptance coming from society. There was clearly no saturation of the data described. The strategy employed by the investigator obtained the knowledge she required for the study. There are two interviews conducted the first was obviously a face “to-face and the second was a follow up phone interview for clarity of the studies. The data collection was obtained in a qualitative and purposeful manner, although the researcher never stated where interview was conducted.

There was no unit or framework for validation of the study except for the data interpretation from the data research. Data analysis was analyzed over and over before the themes with the participants were identified by researcher. Analytical coding was used to describe meaning to experiences lived by participant. Every time a person reflects on their experience it becomes vital that you the process of learning the phenomena. Qualitative methodology was proved with peer debriefing of the examination and methods used in this study. Audit trails made up the data pertaining to the participants to view and verify the disclosed details in his or her interview was captured as they designed that proven the validity and stability of the exploration. Ward (pg. 22) located six designs that identified experiences from the participants. The six designs were life is hard, feeling the effect, aiming to escape, spiritual support, becoming pushed further than the limits, and a negative meaning. The members responses had been elaborated in in each theme supplying the reader the implications in the perceptions in the participants.

Each theme was explained and defined to get easier browsing and understanding. Themes mentioned criminal actions, loss of careers, homelessness, and losing the respect of others. Scientific rigor was not pointed out it could had been a useful tool. The participants were living and made it through the experience that they felt described as a sense of stigma, negative reactions from others, a sense of worthlessness, and a spiritual support that would help he or she feel like there was an individual they can talk to as well as as someone who would listen. The explanations of the styles provided by the researcher offered one a visible of the emotions and emotions that a person with zweipolig disorder with substance work with disorder are trying to overcome on a day- to -day basis. The findings were contingency with the way the individual felt about losing her or his ability to function in culture. The associated with bipolar disorder with element use disorder kept problems of coping and becoming fruitful in contemporary society at bay. Beating these hurdles proved to be a consistent challenge.

With out acceptance and forgiveness from society the necessity to overcome became more challenging and non-existent. The participants acquired big dreams that were lessened by the disorders of zweipolig and compound use creating havoc inside their daily lives that he or she could not cope with. Healthcare workers can apply specific plans of care for mental health people with customized care plans on medication work with and sign management. Option plans may help patients get other ways of dealing with each day problems than using prescription drugs. Patients need education upon medication conformity and verification for taking once life ideation. Concepts found in the themes of the study help organize the descriptions of the participants to lessen risk amounts and incidence of damage. The type of data used is acceptable for a qualitative method of analyze. The conclusion with the study revealed and advised being noticed by others affected the participant’s emotions of self- worth as well as the need for support and support.

Sharing with the reader the researcher makes contemporary society aware of the advantages of the noises of the individuals to be observed. The persons want to be observed, forgiven, and accepted by society. Increasing the awareness of mental well being with healthcare professionals and the knowing of a higher electrical power was a main accomplishment with this study. Signs for further studies could offer healthcare personnel with the equipment needed to disturb the stigma of mental illness and recognize once patients need help. Had the researcher provided the benefits of this kind of study to improving the consequences of mental disease and the method society perceives it would have an overabundance benefit for the reader. This kind of study was a good sort of a qualitative study. Foreseeable future studies need answers to more queries and a much better and experienced understanding of mental illness and substance use.

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