Qualitative Research and Respondents Essay

1 ) 1 . Advantages Leptospirosis is one of the deadliest infection that I typically acquired in tropical countries. you can get the disease when you were exposed to soils and oceans that is contaminated by leptospira bacteria.

Rodents such as rodents are the principal carriers from the leptospirosis bacteria. It is important to distinguish the signs of rodent infestation in the home. If you frequently see rodent droppings around food packages, in drawers, cupboards, under the sink, then your house is usually infested. Every time you see such droppings or containers of meals, or wirings that has rodent bites, you have to take a task.

Symptoms usually takes 2 26 days and nights (average 15 days) to produce this may contain: dry cough, fever, headaches, muscle soreness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, shaking chills, less prevalent symptoms incorporate: abdominal pain, abnormal lung sounds, cuboid pain, pink eye symptoms, enlarged lymph glands, enlarged spleen or perhaps liver, joint aches, muscle tissue rigidity, muscle tissue tenderness, skin rash and sore throat. (Dugdale III, 2010) Test to become done to discover if you agreement leptospirosis are the following: CBC (Complete blood count), creatine kinase, urinalysis. Medications are given to the affected person but complicated cases even so are life-threatening if not really treated rapidly.

The fatality rate in the disease is definitely 5-40. (Dugdale III, 2010) Here in the Philippines one of the most common cause of leptospirosis is flood drinking water. Leptospirosis situations goes up inside the rainy period. In Metro Manila, inappropriate disposal of our wastes just like plastics, home wastes, and more blocks water pass on the sink or to the drainage system. This causes massive amounts even rapidly when compared with13623 small amount of rain. And garbage attracts rats that bring a letpospira bacteria and it contaminates the ton water that leads to buying the leptospirosis.

1 ) 2 . Backdrop of the research Flash surges are common through the entire Philippine archipelago during the monsoon seasons, which in turn runs from the June to December. They are particularly prevalent in Manila, the country’s sprawling capital and residence of 18 million Filipino’s. The knowing of the people is very much important in particular when flash floods or typhoons occur. Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease which may be developed by individuals when subjected to flood waters containing urine infected pets like rodents, dog, and pigs. The leptospirosis circumstances was brought on by the popular flooding due to the typhoons that affected the Luzon areas.

In Quezon Town one barangay, barangay Gulod, has encountered many cases of leptospirosis. Barangay Gulod is situated near the Tullahan River and Kaybuktot Creek. The barangay itself is along the Quirino Highway. The barangay is usually big nevertheless because of poor urban expansion program the drainage method is still problems during the rainy seasons they may have the most volume of incidents of leptospirosis circumstances in the past 3 years. In 2009 the condition, according to the record of Department of Well being (DOH) offers afflicted more people in Metro Manila, attributing the Outbreak to large numbers of people wading in flood marine environments carrying the bacteria.

The DOH had recorded one particular, 027 leptospirosis patients, wherein 89 died. There were 122 cases in Quezon Metropolis alone with 14 cases in Barangay Gulod. (Quezon City Overall health Department [QCHD], 2011) In 2010, leptospirosis was observed as the fourth on the list of the top disease outbreaks in the Thailand. The DOH has recorded over four hundred leptospirosis instances in the initial half of the year (Department of Health [DOH], 2010), which includes 26 deaths with 1 case in Barangay Gulod. (QCHD, 2010) Just lately, the Department of Health released an announcement that casualties coming from leptospirosis has grown 247% in 10 a few months (January-October) in Metro Manila with range of 131 situations of Leptospirosis in Quezon City with 5 situations in barangay Gulod.

It usually takes a couple weeks after the contamination to express flu-like symptoms. If not really diagnosed early on enough, it could lead to worse symptom and may cause death. Mild attacks can be treated simply by antibiotics like doxycyline, nevertheless for severe infections generally, they need Intravenous Penicillin which is still dangerous because the sufferer might face the Jarisch-Hexheimer reaction.

This disease demands prompt medicine upon their contraction. (Uy, 2011) 1 ) 3. Theoretical Framework Devices design way is interconnected, interdependent and interacting issues that seeks to produce an action to consider the entity as a whole. This implies that we take the responsibility of the whole thing to be able to create upcoming better by understanding the mother nature and keeping the environment by simply fulfilling the requirement about saving that. (Laszlo & Krippner, 1998). Living in this planet, there are things we must maintain.

The Systems Style is said that it can be interconnected and interacting challenges. Meaning every single problem we all do, makes another one and relates to an additional, everything can be described as chain from small to the most important. Just like what is going on here in the Philippines at the moment the people who have throws their particular trash all over the place creates a larger problem. Devices Design can be participatory naturally (Bethany, 1996), meaning everybody from the culture can make a alter on how the problem will be resolved by making small steps on providing a remedy issues problems.

They will engage themselves by getting an active player on alter and they may be more ingenious. Bela Bethany (1996), a Systems Theorist characterized the systems design and style focusing the humanities to become, experience oriented, rational, natural, and it includes concerns on future decades. (Banathy, mil novecentos e noventa e seis, pp. 34-35. ) Within the Thailand we believe that systems design by being participatory makes persons move on their particular on the time of calamities. Catastrophes are made by simple types of action. Today when it rained a little that floods the city and that will make people concerned and take actions.

Through that they will study from their blunders and try to solve their issue as a system and functioning as one. Mainly because being within a societal systems human beings positively apply all their skills for the analysis in the design of socially and environmentally sustainable systems by turning out to be active participants of their community on shaping their upcoming. (Laszlo & Krippner, 1998) 1 . four. Conceptual Platform This portion of the paper will serve as strategies for study systems approach of the input-process-output devised by Stoner, Freeman and Gilbert Jr. (1995). The program has goes of information, supplies and energy, including man energy that enter since an inputs then enhance the processes for the system and exit as an end result.

A feedback is considered as a key to systems controls. Leptospirosis prevention about barangays are being used in the topic. The following protocols followed by the area government is usually preventing leptospirosis: Policy-Making this refers to the idea of operation as well as the tasks for execution from the organization’s applications by the respective staffs and officers, ths directs the functions and responsibilities of the personnel to strict guidance and compliance. (Leveriza, 1983) Access is it doesn’t portal of every citizen on the city government for the services from the city govt. On every assignments and advice about the services they need.

This would be sure to let them have the capacity to know and accumulate particular information. (Dr. Cruz, Personal Communication, 2011) Social Participation is the magnitude of the engagement of the persons in the two formal or perhaps informal group activities. (Leveriza, 1983) These inputs experience the process of analysis to determine perhaps the existing insurance plan and types of procedures being implemented by all the subject government institutions are sufficient to safeguard the network resources from any against the law acts, and also identify problems in relation the said overview of the prevention of leptospirosis cases on the barangays. (Stoner et approach., 1995) The dynamic method in the framework shall lead, as outcome, to a significant improvement with the review of leptospirosis cases, such as measures that should be adopted by simply each surveys takers government organization.

Given the foregoing system’s version, the research paradigm of the study id provided in Determine below for a clearer understanding and admiration. is actually a fast check for a qualitative detection of IgM anti Bodies against Leptospirosis. It can be used to identify the leptospirosis cases in Yucatan, South america. 13. Suggestions a thing put into something or gadget as strength into a equipment, food in to the body, data into a laptop, etc . 16.

Jarisch-Herxheimer effect reaction caused by creatures (bacteria) declining off and releasing poisons into the human body faster than the body may possibly comfortably take care of it. 15. Meningitis an inflammation from the meninge, the membranes that covers the mind and spinal cord. 16. Minute Agglutination Evaluation (MAT) a test to determine in case you are infected by leptospirosis.

18. Outbreak a sudden and violent disregarding forth; said of enthusiasm or of disease impacting large numbers of people. 18. Result the amount put out or perhaps produced in a particular time 19. Sanitation making anything sterile or clean. twenty.

Seropositivity showing positive reaction to a serological or test in blood serum for a disease. 21. Serovars Manilae sample Vaccines used for Leptospirosis 22. Spirochetes some of a genus of typically saprophytic bacterias commonly found in water and sewage and characterized by spin out of control flexible filaments with obviously rotary moves. 23.

Thrombocytopenic comparable decrease of platelets in blood. 24. Urinalysis also known as Routine and Microscopy (R&M), is a multitude of tests performed on urine, and one of the common ways of medical analysis.

25. Vasodilatation dilation of blood vessels vessel, because by the action of a nerve drug. 26. Vax-SPIRAL Trivalent AntiLeptospirosis Vaccine to get Human make use of. 27.

Zoonotic a developed person of a compound animal or of a straightforward egg SECTION 2 OVERVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES This percentage of the research offers some additional information that have been made both neighborhood and foreign researchers that happen to be in one method of the other related in the study under ingested in this research. 2 . 1 ) FOREIGN LITERATURES According to www.Leptospirosis.org (2010) a guide archive on the internet pertaining to Leptospirosis information, the Leptospirosis bacteria can’t live on saltwater. We are not able to get Leptospirosis by taking a bath on a seashore.

Contaminated new waters and flood marine environments are usually the bacteria jar. They also declared you can get Leptospirosis by ingesting, swimming with open injuries on polluted water. It is never air flow borne. In addition, it said that the bacteria can’t survived by simply acid, temperature, disinfectants, and alkali’s.

Hence cooked foods are safe. Anything in your house ought to be clean most importantly if your property is infested by rodents. Doxycycline gives some protection against severe condition and is the best and usual medication to become given in these types of situations, however it cannot guarantee protection and a gentle illness may possibly still take place. Therefore , safety is all we require. We should be which the disease is definitely existing and might cause death.

According to an Indian heath portal www.aarogya.com gave some guidelines on how to prevent the Leptospirosis illness. The first step is sanitation, certainly cleanliness is definitely the first step. After that protect yourself with hand protection, masks, shoes, when gonna a normal water area that might be contaminated by Leptospirosis. (S. Pallavi, 2008) You should also keep your open pains from the infected water, and also wash the hands after pressing an animal. Usually do not touch mice.

Prevention is preferable to cure. Consequently , we should teach people through the disease, do not let them go swimming on a likely contaminated freshwater. Get rid of mice and toss your squander properly.

Spend management repels rats. The Medicenet. com states a few implications or perhaps symptoms of the Leptospirosis, this individual said that at the first stage the patient will experience some flu just like symptoms like fever, severe headaches, muscle aches, cough and colds. Then your redness from the eye will develop around the ninth working day. Then it will build up some hurting with stiffness of the nerve fibres then some br?lure.

This disease is somewhat connected to liver and kidney disease. That would take the disease to another effects. (Cunha, 2009) That is why whenever you experience the first types of symptoms then you definitely should do something about it right away before it’s past too far. Vaccines happen to be developed already which are given to some explorers but it isn’t that advisable for some research aren’t yet performed about the vaccine.

In respect to www.nlm.nih.gov there the procedures to cure Leptospirosis, this would are the intakes of medicine, such as Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Doxycyclne, and Penicillin. He declared that complicated cases need to be considered care in ICU (intensive care unit). Leptospirosis is definitely curable, but serious and complicated cases maybe deadly. There are also other complications the patient could possibly get in Leptospirosis.

There is the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is a reaction of the body when the is definitely an intake of Penicillin, there is also Meningitis, and severe blood loss. Therefore , even though the Leptospirosis is definitely life threatening you may still find hopes that is coming out, there is also a vaccine designed in Europe and in Asia that might certainly not stop but at least freeze the Leptospirosis propagate. Still avoidance is better than solution.

We must deal with our area to stop the infestation in the rodents upon on each of our households. And we should learn to clean our environment to stop the flooding. (Dugdale III, 2010) 2 . 2 . LOCAL LITERATURES Sison, (2009) said that the Philippines is usually facing a problem of Leptospirosis. Poor sanitation and the increase of the city slums along with regular typhoons and expansion of flooding areas in the country have got exacerbated the chance of infection. Leptospires are said the cause of the Weil’s disease in Japan, where it had been common in coal miners.

Leptospirosis may affect many types of of wild and household animals, which include marine mammals. Prompt scientific treatment is vital, and intense support treatment with stringent attention to liquid and electrolyte is a must. Several severely unwell patients may need dialysis.

So with a clean natural environment, and an improved prevention of the disease is actually a Leptospirosis totally free community possibly those people in the slum region, if understand how to clean and sterilize their things they can’t get leptospirosis. So anytime there are contaminations in the place they should be notify. Cause reduction is better than get rid of. (Sison, 2009) (Medenilla et al., 2009) Leptospirosis is known as a disease the effect of a bacterial infection when ever humans obtain contact in flood seas contaminated simply by animal urines from dogs, cats, pigs and specially rats. It will take 5 times t o 2 weeks simply uses see the symptoms.

During that time the leptospirosis cases visits a large amount of circumstances in Luzon with 1, 027 instances with 89 fatalities. Sec. Duque stated that the common cases had been caused by the 2 tropical thunder storms that strike the country. The federal government warned people to avoid ton water to stop getting afflicted by the bacteria. The government that time prepared P 4-million pesos for the leptospirosis subjects.

Phrophylaxis, a drug which will cures leptospirosis. This medication is given immediately to those admitted cases of Leptospirosis. However , Prophylaxis is not ideal for children and pregnant women. The PCP (Philippine College of Physicians) and PMA (Philippine Medical Center) released a guidelines on an antibiotic Prophylaxis to people in leptospirosis-affected areas.

They said that Prophylaxis is definitely not recommended to those individuals until they proved that they have visited a leptospirosis contaminated place. Ii has been said that to stop this disease, sanitation and protection is the best. Flood normal water is one of the risk factors that would infect you a leptospirosis. By just wearing boots, goggles, overalls, hand protection and others.

2 capsules of Doxycycline has once each week for those who were exposed and should be ongoing through out the conclusion of the direct exposure period. After that, the use of Prophylaxis is not really 100% successful. It is said it would depend around the quality of the drug and the timing of the intake. (Manongdo, 2009) In the event the rat’s urine was mixed in the ton waters, what comes next is the Leptospirosis. There a lot of rats in metro manila, Rats are definitely the largest group of mammal in the world.

Their populace is even greater than individuals. The unsanitary the place the greater they would enter to your people. (Editorial: Pilipino Star Ngayon; 2009) For the past epidemiological research the Leptospirosis cases inside the Metro manila especially in the Quezon City, had been reported to experience a high circumstance of Leptospirosis. One of the reasons of this disease may be the improper waste management.

Many of Filipinos are generally not disciplined enough to toss their spend properly, some were only throwing their particular garbage on the river. Plus some doesn’t independent the environmentally friendly and the non biodegradable. Thus by keeping the discipline just about everywhere and not just tossing waste every where we can for least refrain the surges that delivers the Leptospirosis.