Water bottle rockets essay

Introduction

A water container rocket is basically that; a bottle customized in the image of a skyrocket then filled with a select volume of drinking water that is pressured and launched into the atmosphere due to the causes pushing the rocket in excess from the launcher. When the finished water bottle rocket is usually sitting on the launcher, the force of the surface in the launcher shoves the rocket up even though gravity drags it down. As the fluid within the rocket is definitely pressurized, the forces turn into unbalanced and release the clamps which have been holding back the rocket.

The substance will then be expelled through the small opening at the bottom of the skyrocket (the wine bottles nozzle) really fast in one course and therefore offering a lot of pushed into the different direction, enabling the rocket to catapult upward. This force will certainly continue to pushed upwards untilthe last in the fluid is usually expelled from your rocket (Moore, 2014).

To boost stability in the rocket, the centre of pressure and centre of mass ought to be in specific positions within the rocket.

The middle of mass is to simply put, a balance reason for an object. It is a uniform the law of gravity field that averages the external makes surrounding the item to equalise the pushes acting after it, for example a balance point on a see-saw (HyperPhysics, 2000). The middle of pressure on a explode is the average location of the pressure, which may differ around the area of an subject (NASA, 2010). The bout and aspects of the explode all contribute to the end situation of the centre of mass and pressure and so the center of mass should be while close to the middle section as possible, with also the centre of pressure towards back of the rocket, which is achieved by the application of big bout or fins that add weight to the rear in the rocket. When constructing the rockets, there are things to consider: Newtons First Law: ” Things at rest will remain at rest, or objects in motion will stay in action unless put to work by an unbalanced power. When the rocket is being placed in the launcher, the forces are balanced because the area of the launched pushes the rocket up while the push of the law of gravity forces this down.

If the water rocket is pressurised, the pushes become out of balance and drive will provide upwards direction pertaining to the skyrocket to follow. Newtons Second Legislation: ” The acceleration associated with an object is definitely directly relevant to the push exerted on the object and oppositely linked to the mass of that subject. The speeding of the explode will depend on how much thrust and force is definitely put lurking behind the way up strength to help the explode. Newtons Third Law: ” For every actions, there is always an opposite and equal response. When the skyrocket launched, there will be air move and the law of gravity pulling resistant to the rocket, along with the upward thrust provided. Thinking about the design of the bottle explode, fins play a major role in steadying and efficiently pushing the rocket to improve the rockets aerodynamics.

If the fins are very far frontward on the explode it could delay the middle of mass and therefor cause the rocket to be heavily unpredictable. Some general tips for the fin design and style are that they should be slender or pointed, angled in reverse and with rounded sides rather than well-defined corners (Williams, 2014). This kind of experiment is being conducted to research the diverse factors involved with the rockets and exactly how they function, and to analyse and explore further research included in the subject of the physicsfield that contributed to the comprehension of the rockets.

Aim

The essence this task is usually to research the key principles of rocket design and style and stability needed to develop the rockets. It is to observe the effects a variety of variables has on the water rocket and how those parameters affect the benefits gathered.

Hypothesis

I hypothesise that our skyrocket will reach heights to about 20m, at an velocity rate from 8m/s to 15m/s.

Parameters

The parameters involved in this kind of investigation are categorised in to three pieces; independent, dependent and managed. The self-employed variable linked to this try things out is period. The centered variables involved with this experiment are elevation, the perspective of the explode, the water level inside the explode and the general acceleration of the rocket. The controlled variable involved in this experiment is time again.

Apparatus

The apparatus utilized throughout this kind of investigation included:

” x4 1 ) 25L plastic-type Pepsi¢ wine bottles

” x2 black garbage bags

” x1 popular glue firearm

” x1 Stanley knife

” x4 manila directories

” approximately 5m of thread

” 2 full rolls of clear strapping

” scissors

” 500g of plasticine

Method

Explode 1:

Step 1 : First, brainstorm ideas for design of normal water bottle explode (e. g. fin design, how many fins will be needed, nasal area cone design and style, parachute design, bottle type) Step 2: Gather most materials needed to construct rocketStep 3: Start out with constructing the fins, trace design and cut them out of chosen material for the fins (for this test, thin card manila folders were used). Step 4: Following finalising b design and construction, tag where the fins will be put on the rocket, then affix to said rocket (for this kind of experiment, a hot glue gun was used to attach the fins) Step 5: After Step four: chose and finalise style for parachute (in this kind of experiment, a circular parachute was chosen to be constructed, cute away of a dark-colored garbage bag, with a diameter of 65cm). Step 6: After finalisation of parachute, affix 8 strings of a period of 60cm for equal intervals around the area of the parachute, securing them with a knot so that they avoid become unattached.

Also pretty a small hold in the centre of the parachute regarding 5cm in diameter. Step 7: Design nose cone (for this test, the design was a sharp cone shape created by a eliminate from a manila folder, blunted with all the plasticine twisted around it (the underlying part of another rocket utilized to form the nose cone). Step 8: Tie the 8 strings used for the parachute in a knot at the end of the measures of the chain then stuff them to the bottom of the skyrocket in the centre (the stand of the rocket). Stage 9: Minimize small grooves in the nose area cone excessive in order for a much more secure fit over the parachute and skyrocket. Step twelve: Wrap a few plasticine in regards to golf ball to enhance additional weight towards the rocket.

Rocket 1 changes:

you: Nose cone had to be improved due to impact of releases; tape was used to cover the nose cone to prevent additional damage. a couple of: Fins were covered in tape to generate them better and to decrease wind friction.

Rocket two:

As for Explode 1 . Equally rockets constructed were in direct image of each other, the other one was a back-up rocket if you will, in case extreme damage found the initial rocket.

Explode 2 adjustments:

1: The string was changed on this rocket, as being a practice release caused the parachute to rip. The string was changed to some sort of string; the backing up rocket had not been used in a final testing.

Measurements

s= displacement (m)

v= last velocity (m/s)

u= initial speed (m/s)

a= acceleration (m/s2)

t= time (seconds)

first launch:

1st graphic:

2nd image:

3rd picture:

Overall speeding for Release 1:

Elevation for Kick off 1:

Level for Start 2:

Height for Release 3:

Encha?nement of Computations are in Appendices.

Benefits

Table 1: 300ml

Kick off 1

Angle (degrees)

sixty four

Time (s)

2 . 2

66

1 ) 44

thirty-two

2 . twenty-five

Typical

fifty four. 00

Average

1 . 96

Table two: 400ml

Launch a couple of

Position (degrees)

35

Time (s)

2 . 22

twenty-one

2 . 06

20

2 . 09

Average

25. thirty-three

Common

installment payments on your 12

Stand 3: 500ml

Start 3

Angle (degrees)

40

Period (s)

2 . seventy two

72

installment payments on your 56

40

3. 25

Typical

57. 33

Average

2 . 84

Analysis of Results

Findings from release 1 had been that the level dramatically rejected when the drinking water rocket was filled with 400ml of drinking water. The explode went larger when even more water was added to this.

Discussion

The purpose of this task was to research the main element principles of rocket design and style and stableness needed to develop the rockets. It is to take notice of the effects a range of factors has on water rocket and just how those parameters affect the outcomes gathered. This kind of aim was directly accomplished through making aspects of the rocket a variation, as an example the water level. The rocket made had three different drinking water levels, that was the picked variable to fluctuate from 300ml, 400ml and 500ml. As stated in the hypothesis, if the rocket was filled with 500ml of water it stayed in a higher level than when the rocket was filled up with 300ml and 400ml. Therefore , the results are in renouvellement with the hypothesis Unfortunately, when the results are viewed it can be found that there is a massive drop in height for the 400ml start. This was because of human mistake, as the rocket had a malfunction before take-off (the nose cone fell off).

Human mistake can be an substantial defect in the results received as one minor slip-up from the person could result in a complete enhancements made on every consequence already proven. Weaknesses in the experiment were organisation, the way the rocket structure took upmost of the assessment period, and when final tests came about, a select team member did not completely contribute to the recording of the data and so defected the entire group with their individual actions. Overall performance data from the rocket created demonstrated that improvement was essential in the required added safeguarding of the nose cone and positioning of the golf ball to guarantee the parachute was deployed successfully after release.

Modifications made resulted in smoother take-off and landing, additionally less collateral damage to the rocket. In case the experiment was re-done, a new group will be requested as the group that was worked with in this investigation was horribly con-operative, with just three people essentially doing all the structure while the remaining member did not make any effort whatsoever to help the construction with the rocket, and instead chose to ignore the group to look off is to do their own point. Further inspections that could be done with the newfound knowledge of this kind of exploration may include ones on how will weather affect the rockets? How could the most “perfect rocket be performed? And what would be the most effective materials to work with when constructing the rocket?

Conclusion

In summary, the aim of this investigation was to explore water rocket design and other essential principles with the rockets, then to observe the results the discipline of variables had about said water rocket. Through this analysis the aim has been achieved through variation of design and style options for aspects of the rockets elizabeth. g. termin shape/size, nasal area cone condition and parachute design. One more variation observed on the explode was level held in the rocket to provide thrust to get the explode to travel up-wards from the launcher. All in all, the investigation was successful in exploring the results that factors had for the rockets elevation and fat. It was a satisfying experiment to conduct and aside from small human error, the exploration went without a hitch.

Bibliography

HyperPhysics, 2150. Center of Mass. [Online]

Offered at: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/cm.html [Accessed 3 April 2014].

Moore, S., 2014. Design Consideration for Water Bottle Rockets. In: H. Moore

ed. Drinking water Bottle Rockets. Gold Coast: Helensvale, g. 1 . NASA, 2010. Center of Pressure. [Online]

Available at: https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/cp.html [Accessed 3 Apr 2014].

Williams, A., 2014. Jar Rocket Style. In: A. Williams, education. Class Remarks. Gold Coastline: Helensvale, p. 2 .

Bout

Continuation of Calculations:

Launch two:

Picture 2:

Image 3:

Image 4:

Picture 5:

Overall acceleration to get Launch 2:

Journal

Week 1

Recently was used to begin with brainstorming delete word the skyrocket model. Different versions in termin size, condition and situation were discussed, along with nose cone and overall construction delete word the explode. It was determined at the end from the week which the fin would be a rhombus form, 15cm lengthy, and 12cm wide, with another, small fin alone6106 to add pounds. The nasal area cone will also have a round point.

Week 2

Immediately, construction in the fins and bottle started out, as a team member was away for the entire week, not as much assembly of the rocket occurred, nevertheless by the end of the week, the fins have been constructed and parachute ideas had also been brainstormed. The end of the week it was made the decision that the parachute would be round. A nose cone as well was built, it being a rounded cone shape, with a blunt suggestion. Putting plasticine on the nasal area conewould associated with nose cone more aerodynamic and could add even more height to the initial take-off.

Week three or more

By this week, construction in the rocket was well ongoing, with the fins and parachute finished and a back up rocket starting to take place. Everything that was required was to stabilise the rocket and have a finished merchandise. It was as well decided what variable will be tested through the testing, which would be the water level at three hundred, 400 and 500ml.

Week 4

This week, construction was finished, with difficulty. There were complications together with the gluing in the extension that could hold the nostril cone on the rocket, as it was positioned wrong on the explode and had being redone. A team member declared the skyrocket would need more weight to stabilise it and thus a ball was covered in plasticine. Ideas had been brainstormed how the parachute would be placed on the explode and it had been decided which the knot by the end of the line would simply be glued directly to the backside of the explode, and this was achieved efficiently.

Week five

This week, tests began. Only a few rockets, which includes our group, worked that well. Nearly all nose cones in groupings had to be remade due to these people not approaching off during take-off and landing, and fins needed to be re-glued on to rockets as they were ripped off due to the pressure of pushed from take-off.

Week 6

Testing was well ongoing this week, yet modifications still had to arise on the almost all the rockets, even though these were becoming minor problems. Immediately, of the group were apart at MOTIVATE camp and unbeknown to the rest of the group, the final member made a massive defective change to the rocket (the parachute was removed it and remade based on a string). Luckily a backup rocket have been pre-made using a more functional parachute and this rocket will be officially intended for the final assessment, which would occur a few weeks.

Week six

This week, the last testing lessons 1 and 2 ensued. It was wonderful to see all the other groups progress from Week 2 to now, how their rockets havechanged and been revised for the better. The first final test, which in turn occurred in Wednesday twelfth March for our groups’ rocket had the water level at 300ml, which created a fairly very good launch, nevertheless the angles were off balanced, as the rocket premiered on an position, which influenced the entire airline flight path. The 2nd test, which will happened on Friday fourteenth March, produced slightly greater results, as we got two take-offs during the session, the first one being absolutely ideal but not getting captured by the lady having the top speed camera, together to be redone. This would result in a fluctuation of results while when the second test happened, right before the rocket set off from the podium, the nose area cone bent at an mind boggling rate, which usually threw from the aerodynamics from the entire skyrocket and in a negative way affected the results, from the perfect first take-off.

Week 8

Immediately, testing was finished and calculations became underway, figuring out the velocity and velocity took up the majority of the week. The assignment started to be imminent, work on that was essential. Not much practical points got carried out this week; virtually all lessons were performed figuring out tips on how to calculate the speed, acceleration etc.

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