Telangana region essay

Telangana (Telugu: తెలంగాణ, Urdu: تیلنگانا, Hindi: तेलंगाना ) is a place in Andhra Pradesh, India. The region borders the claims of Maharashtra on the north-west, Karnataka within the west, Chattisgarh on the north-east, Orissa within the east, the Coastal Andhra region within the east as well as the Rayalaseema location on the southern. Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema were section of the former Andhra state which was merged with Telangana to create the current point out of Andhra Pradesh in 1956. The region has an part of 114, 840 square kilometres (44, 340 sq mi), and a population of 30, 987, 271 [1] per the 2001 census.

The region is placed on the Deccan plateau to the west of the Eastern Ghats range, and includes the northwestern home districts in the Andhra Pradesh state.

Telangana region provides 10 districts: Adilabad, Hyderabad, Khammam, Karimnagar, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Rangareddy, and Warangal. The Krishna and Godavari rivers flow throughout the region from west to east. In the 34 schisme in India which deal with acute farm distress, 9 are in Telangana.[2][3][4] 5 years ago, of the 23 districts discovered in 4 states intended for the Prime Minster’s package for watershed advancement projects, eight are in Telangana place and 8 are in other parts of Andhra Pradesh.

[5][6] In December on the lookout for, 2009, the Government of India announced that the procedure for the formation of Telangana state will be considered after introduction and passage of any separation assertion by the point out assembly of Andhra Pradesh.[7][8][9] The Government of India constituted a five-member committee headed by Proper rights B. In. Srikrishna to study the feasibility of a individual Telangana condition within the Indian Union.

 History

Hyderabad is the largest city of the Telangana place

In Treta Yuga, it really is believed that Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana arrived in Telengana from Dandakaranya (present-day the southern area of Chhattisgarh). That they initially came to Karimnagar area and lived in places such as the Ramagiri slopes and Illantha Kunta town. They then moved along the Godavari River put in their hails from exile for Parnashala, which is about twenty-five kilometres (16 mi) via Bhadrachalam in Khammam District.

Telangana was your homeland of the Satavahana dynasty (230 BCE to 230 CE). Kotilingala in Karimnagar was all their first capital, before Dharanikota. Excavations for Kotilingala unveiled coinage of Simukha, the first Satavahana emperor.

The location experienced the golden grow older during the reign of the Kakatiya dynasty, a Telugu dynasty that ruled most parts of what is today Andhra Pradesh from 1083 to 1323. Ganapatideva was known as the greatest of the Kakatiyas, and the first after the Satavahanas to bring the complete Telugu region under a single rule. This individual put an end to the rule of the Cholas, who have accepted his suzerainty back in 1210. This individual established order in his vast dominion that stretched in the Godavari delta in the east to Raichur (in current day Karnataka) in the west and from Karimnagar and Bastar (in modern day Chattisgarh) in the north to Srisailam and Tripurantakam, near Ongole, in the southern. It was during his reign that the Golkonda fort was constructed. Rudrama Devi and Prataparudra had been prominent rulers from the Kakatiya dynasty.

Telangana came under the Muslim secret of the Delhi Sultanate in the 14th hundred years, followed by Bahmanis, Qutb Shahis, and the Mughals. As the Mughal Empire began to break down in the early on 18th hundred years, the Muslim Asafjahi empire established a unique state referred to as Hyderabad. Afterwards, Hyderabad created a treaty of supplementary alliance together with the British Empire, and was the largest and many populous princely state in India. Telangana was never under direct British regulation, unlike the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, that have been part of British India’s �charpe Presidency. The Telangana location was the cardiovascular system of numerous dynasties. Chowmahalla Building was residence to the Nizams of Hyderabad state.

Telangana Rebellion

Main article: Telangana Rebellion

The Telangana Rebellion was a peasant revolt which has been later maintained the Communists. It took place in the former princely state of Hyderabad between 1946 and 1951. This is led by Communist Get together of India.

The revolt began inside the Nalgonda district and quickly spread for the Warangal and Bidar zones. Peasant farmers and labourers revolted up against the local se?orial landlords (jagirdars and deshmukhs) and later against the Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII. The initial aims were to do apart with unlawful and increased exploitation meted out by simply these solariego lords with the intention of bonded work (Vetti Chakiri). The most strident demand was for all bills of the cowboys to be created off.

Among the list of well-known people at the cutting edge of the motion were commanders like Anabheri Prabhakar Rao, Bathini Mogilaiah Goud, Doddi Komraiah, Bandi Yadagiri, Suddala Hanumanthu, Acharya Konda Lakshman Bapuji, Chakalli Iylamma, Komaram Bheem, Puchalapalli Sundaraiah, Makineni Basavapunaiah, Chandra Rajeswara Rao, Raavi Narayana Reddy, Arutla Laxmi Narsimha Reddy (known as ‘S by his comrades), Bommagani Dharma Biksham, Arjula Ramana Reddy, the Urdu poet person Makhdoom Mohiuddin, Hassan Nasir, Bhimreddy Narasimha Reddy, Mallu Venkata Narasimha Reddy, Mallu Swarajyam, Arutla Ramchandra Reddy wonderful wife Arutla Kamala Devi, Kolluru Ramchandra Reddy fantastic wife Kolluru Susheela Devi.

The violent phase in the movement concluded after the central government submitted the military services. Starting in 1951, the CPI moved to a more moderate approach of wanting to bring communism to India within the restrictions of Indian democracy.

In 1937, Period magazine explained Hyderabad point out was the wealthiest native point out in India.

Post-independence

When ever India started to be independent in the British Empire in 1947, the Nizam of Hyderabad wanted Hyderabad Point out to remain independent under the unique provisions provided to princely claims. Rebellion got started through the state resistant to the Nizam’s secret and his military, known as the Razakars. The Razakars, led by way of a chief, Qasim Razvi, massacred many people and rebels to curb the movements. They damaged many temples and monuments across the state. Mass assassinations, similar to Jallianwala Bagh bataille, took place through the state.

The federal government of India annexed Hyderabad State about 17 Sept 1948, within an operation by the Indian Military called Procedure Polo. The moment India became independent, Telugu-speaking people were given away in about 22 areas, 9 of these in the ex – Nizam’s dominions of the princely state of Hyderabad, doze in the Madras Presidency (Andhra region), and one in French-controlled Yanam.

The Central Government appointed a civil stalwart, M. K. Vellodi, since First Key Minister of Hyderabad express on dua puluh enam January 1950. He given the state by making use of bureaucrats via Madras state and Bombay state. In 1952, Doctor Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected Key minister of Hyderabad Point out in the 1st democratic selection. During this time there were violent fi�vre by a lot of Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly apply rule by natives of Hyderabad.[18]

In the mean time, Telugu-speaking areas in the Andhra region were carved out of the erstwhile Madras state by leaders just like Potti Sri Ramulu to create Andhra State in 1953, with Kurnool as its capital.[19][20][21]

Merger of Telangana and Andhra

In 12 , 1953, the States Reorganization Commission was appointed to organize for the creation of states on linguistic lines.[22] The Says Reorganisation Percentage (SRC) had not been in favour of an immediate merger of Telangana area with Andhra state, despite their prevalent language.

Passage 382 of the States Reorganisation Commission Survey (SRC) said “opinion in Andhra is definitely overwhelmingly in favour of the larger device; public view in Telangana has even now to decide upon itself. Essential leaders of public thoughts and opinions in Andhra themselves appear to appreciate that the unification of Telangana with Andhra, nevertheless desirable, must be based on a voluntary focused enough association from the people and this it is primarily for the folks of Telangana to take a decision about their future”. The people of Telangana experienced several worries.

The region had a less-developed economic climate than Andhra, but with a greater revenue bottom (mostly as it taxed rather than prohibited alcohol beverages), which will people of Telangana dreaded might be diverted for use in Andhra. They feared that prepared irrigation assignments on the Krishna and Godavari rivers may not benefit Telangana proportionately, despite the fact that people of Telangana managed the headwaters of the estuaries and rivers. It was feared that the persons of Andhra, who had access to higher standards of education under the United kingdom rule, could have an unjust advantage in seeking govt and educational careers.

The commission rate proposed that the Telangana region be constituted as a separate state which has a provision for unification with Andhra condition, after the 1961 general elections, if a quality could be handed in the Telangana state assembly with a two-thirds majority.

The primary Minister of Hyderabad Point out, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao, indicated his view that a most of Telangana people were against the merger.[23] He recognized the Congress party’s central leadership decision to mix Telangana and Andhra despite opposition in Telangana.[24] Andhra state assembly passed a resolution on 25 November 1955 to provide shields to Telangana. The quality said, “Assembly would further like to insure the people in Telangana that the development of that area can be deemed to get special fee, and that specific priorities and special safety will be provided for the improvement of that area, such as reservation in companies and educational organizations on the basis of human population and irrigational development. “[25]

Telangana frontrunners did not believe the safe guards would work. [26][27] With lobbying by Andhra Congress leaders and with pressure from the Central leadership of Congress get together, an agreement was reached between Telangana commanders and Andhra leaders on 20 Feb 1956 to merge Telangana and Andhra with claims to safeguard Telangana’s interests.[28][29]

Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru initially was skeptical of blending Telangana with Andhra State, fearing a “tint of expansionist imperialism” in this.[30] [31] He compared the merger to a matrimonial bijou having “provisions for divorce” if the lovers in the cha?non cannot get on well.[32][33]

Following the Gentlemen’s agreement, the central govt established a unified Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956.[19][34][35] The agreement supplied reassurances to Telangana in terms of power-sharing as well as administrative s�jour rules and distribution of expenses of varied regions.

Anti-Nehru politics emerged with the clampdown, dominance of the Telengana movement; a large number of within the Our elected representatives Party expanded their hands to leftist causes. Feroze Gandhi was among them.[36]

Individual Telangana express movement

Main article: Telangana movement

Grievances of Telangana proponents

Proponents of the separate Telangana state report perceived injustices in the division of normal water, budget allocations, and jobs. Budget allocations to Telangana are generally below 1/3 in the total Andhra Pradesh spending budget. There are allegations that in many years, cash allocated to Telangana were hardly ever spent. Telangana JAC frontrunners say that simply 20% with the total Government employees, less than 10% of workers in the secretariat, and less than 5% of department brain in the Andhra Pradesh federal government are from Telangana. [37][38][39][40] non-e of these allegations were proved wrong by Sri Krishna Committee as a result of lack of data, and its choice to assess regions (Seema-Andhra vs Telangana) not the people (Seema-Andhrites vs Telanganites). [41][42]

Proponents of the separate Telangana state think that the contracts, plans, and assurances in the legislature and Lok Sabha over the last 50 years never have been honored, and as a consequence Telangana has remained neglected, exploited, and backwards. They feel that separation is a good solution.[43][44][45]

History of the movement

In the years after the development of Andhra Pradesh point out, the people of Telangana portrayed dissatisfaction more than how the agreements and warranties were implemented. Discontent intensified in January 1969, when the some of the ensures that had been agreed on were meant to lapse. Pupil agitation intended for the proper setup of the arrangement began for Osmania University in Hyderabad and pass on to other areas of the place. [46] This kind of agitation ended in Sept. 2010 1971 when people realised which the Prime Minister was not willing to toward a separate point out of Telangana.[47] Due to frustration in the Seema-Andra region in 1973 protesting the protections for Telangana, the central government diluted the defenses in Gentlemen’s agreement by initiating the Six point formula.

Various political parties were produced with a program of seeking statehood pertaining to Telangana, such as the Telangana Praja Samithi politics party in 1969, which usually won 12 out of 14 Parliamentory contituencies in 1971.[48][49] Inside the 1990s, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) promised another Telangana point out if they came to power.[50] A new get together called Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS), led by Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao (KCR), was created in 2001 with the single-point agenda of making a separate Telangana state with Hyderabad as the capital.[51]

For the 2004 Assembly and Parliament elections, the Congress party and the TRS had an electoral cha?non in the Telangana region that promised a unique Telangana Condition.[52] Congress came to power inside the state and formed a coalition govt at the center. TRS joined up with the cabale government in 2004 and was successful in making a different Telangana express a part of the most popular minimum plan of the cabale government.[53] In September 06\, TRS withdrew support in the Congress-led parti government due to their failure to supply on their assure to create a completely independent Telangana express.[54][55][56]

In Come july 1st 2008, Devendra Goud and also other leaders such as E. Peddi Reddy resigned from Telugu Desam Party(TDP) and shaped a new get together called Nava Telangana Praja Party (NTPP) with Telangana formation as the main goal.[57] After extensive interior discussions, the TDP, the key opposition get together in the state, announced its support to get the creation of Telangana on 9 October 2008.[58] The Telugu Desam Party promised to work for Telangana statehood. The Praja Rajyam Party (PRP), newly founded by film star Chiranjeevi, supported Telangana statehood.[59] The Nava Telangana Praja Get together announced that it would merge with PRP after it figured there was not enough political space for two sub-regional Telangana functions that had Telananga statehood as their main agenda.[60][61]

On 30 November 2009, TRS director K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) started a fast-unto-death, demanding that the Congress party introduce a Telangana bill in Parliament. He was arrested by the government of Andhra Pradesh.[62][63][64][65][66] Student companies, employee unions, and numerous organizations became a member of the movements.[67][68] [69] General strikes shut down Telangana on six and several December.[70] Pupil organizations organized a massive rally at the state Assembly on 10 Dec. The government aware that the rally did not have got permission and deployed law enforcement officials troops throughout Telangana.[71] All opposition parties in the condition favoured creation of Telangana state in an all-party satisfy held on 7 December.[72]

On 9 December 2009, Union Ressortchef (umgangssprachlich) of Home Affairs G. Chidambaram announced that the Indian government would start the process of forming a separate Telangana state, pending the introduction and passage of your separation resolution in the Andhra Pradesh assembly.[73] KCR ended his 11-day fast, saying coming from his medical center bed this was a “true victory in the people of Telangana. “

Pro-Telangana supporters celebrated the central govt decision, while those in the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) protested.[74][75] Due to protests inside the Seema-Andhra location, On 3 December, the federal government of India announced that zero action about Telangana would be taken until a general opinion was reached by both sides. [76] Rallies, hunger attacks, and suicides continued through Telangana to protest resistant to the delay in bifurcating the state of hawaii.[77]

The all-party Telangana Joint Action Panel (JAC) began relay being hungry strikes and threatened the resignations of legislators upon 28 January, demanding which the Centre show its intentions and build a timetable pertaining to change.[78] On 3 February the government announced the five-member Srikrishna committee on Telangana that would go into the issue,[79] having a deadline of 31 January 2010.

Srikrishna Committee report

The Srikrishna committee in Telangana published its statement in two volumes for the Home Ministry of India on 31 December 2010.[80] In an all-party meeting on 6 January 2011, your home ministry produced the 505-page Srikrishna panel report community. Section 9-3 (page 440) of the report[81] discusses half a dozen solutions.[82][83]

The Panel announced that these were recommending to get State usa, and advised constitutional and statutory actions for socio-economic development and political personal strength of Telangana region through the creation of the statutorily-empowered Telangana Regional Council. Telangana leaders say the best option from the Sri Krishna committee report is the formation of separate Telangana state with Hyderabad as the capital. They will plan to pressure the Central government to zero in on this alternative as the only workable 1.[84][85][86][87] [edit] Geography

Telangana region noticeable in white colored within the condition of Andhra Pradesh

Telangana is situated inside the central expand of the eastern seaboard in the Indian Peninsula. Of the three regions of your Andhra Pradesh,[88] Telangana has the largest area, with 114, 800 square kilometres (44, 300 sq mi). The Deccan level of skill is drained by two major estuaries and rivers, the Godavari and the Krishna. 69% with the Krishna Lake and 79% of the Godavari River catchment area is at Telangana. Tthere are other streams such as Manair, Bhima, Dindi, Kinnerasani, Manjeera, Munneru, Moosi, Penganga, Praanahita, and Peddavagu and Taliperu.

The area is divided into two main areas, the Asian Ghats plus the peneplains. The is filled with low depressions. Areas has extremely valuable coal mines in Ramagundam.

Normal resources

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45% with the forested place in the state is in Telangana region, propagate across five districts. 20% of the coal deposits in the area is in Telangana region. The Singareni Collieries Company excavates coal for industrial functions and for energy power areas. The power generated is supplied to to the whole of South India. You will find limestone build up in the region, which cater to bare cement factories. Telangana has additional resources just like bauxite and mica.

Demography

9 away of 15 districts inside the Telangana location are recognized by the Government of India as backward. The sole exception is definitely Hyderabad section. According to the Backwards Regions Give Fund 2009–10, 13 this kind of districts are situated in Andhra Pradesh; being unfaithful are coming from Telangana as well as the rest happen to be from other regions.[89][90][91] Telangana(inc. Hyderabad) has 86% Hindu, doze. 4% Muslim, and 1 . 2% Christian population. Hyderabad city offers 55. 4% Hindu, forty one. 2% Muslim, 2 . 4% Christian population. Telangana schisme outside of Hyderabad district have got 8. 4% of the Muslim population.[92][93]

More than 90% of Telangana people speak the Telangana dialect of Telugu,  which is mainly Telugu with Urdu impacts.[citation needed] About 11% of Telangana people speak Hyderabadi Urdu. Urdu speakers are mostly Muslims, nevertheless people of other nationalities also use Urdu for day-to-day life.[94] [1] Hindi is spoken simply by people from the other states of North India and Central India just like Gujarat and Maharashtra. Kannada and Marathi are also spoken. Telugu, Urdu, and English language are the established languages in the region. [edit] Culture and identity

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