Phase 1
Criminology- an educational discipline which enables use of scientific methods to
analyze the nature that causes extent and control of offense
2 Amounts of Explanations
1 ) Micro- the
2 . Macro- societal levels of crime (rate)
(Places will be compound)
*Criminology is interdisciplinary
The discipline is made up of the study related to a bunch of distinct
disciplines ( sociology, psychology, and political science)
5 Schools of Thought
1 ) Classical School
2 . Positivism
3.
Sociological Crim
4. Conflict Crim
five. Contemporary
School- compiled of the bunch of ideas having a prevalent theme
1 . 1700s Classical School- blames person
Substance A. Freewill selections
B. Rationality- thinks ahead of they work
C.
Deterrence- cost out weighs in at benefits
2 . 1800s Positivism
Substances A. conjecture based on scientific methods
N. limits upon freewill
. Early on positivist were biological used poor methods
3. Sociological Crim
A.
Positivistic
B. Causes can be social factors
Chicago Schools bad place
Socialization relatives, peers
4. Issue Crim
A. Marx
M. Labeling
Marketplace creates unbalances (capitalism)
Produces class discord
Crime is definitely an work of disobedient
5. Contemparary Crim
A.
Integrated hypotheses
B. Your life course
Phase 2
1 . Standard Stats (UCR) Uniform Criminal offenses Reports
2 . Victimization Review (NCVS)
3. Self Reviews
1 . UCR- local PDs whom compile studies, then filed by the FBI
macro/ tiny
voluntary
measure only almost eight index criminal offenses
+ 1933 tendencies over time
+ Good evaluate for significant crimes, people care enough to record, are
fully commited by other people
Hierarchical criminal offense in that will be higher criminal activity
Dangers of more than count and under rely (filtering)
Dark figure of crimes
just 8 crimes count
zero federal criminal offense
no person data
2 .
NCVS
Been with us since the sixties
Conducted by the Census Bureau
Nationwide survey of thousands (50, 000)
In person review
Prior six months time of the offense
+ Shoes dark number of criminal offense
+ Affects on victimizations
Interviewer related problems
Non recall
Resting
Possibility of prejudice questioning
Doesnt count counties crimes
Doesnt measure serious crimes really well because they are uncommon, so
that doesnt receive picked up
Testing error
Regarding respondents
three or more. How they acquired there? Who have collects all of them? What are advantages and
weaknesses
. Self Studies
Anonymous and confidential
Main topic- delinquency
Often required for prison
& good measure at delinquency
+ gets at behaviour regarding problem
+ person levels of data regarding offending
inaccurate studies
sampling problem
serious violent crimes don’t show up
. 1930 1960 criminal offenses rose. 1960 1980 that raised more
. the rate of crime among 1960 80 tripled
4.
Factors Linked to Rates
age demographics how many young males happen to be in put.
Gender
overall economy
short term alterations seem to possess little result
long term down slides maximize crime rates most likely
drug work with
2/3 coming from all arrested will be either large or drunk
casual buy
Bivariate Correlations means two things going on. Undertake factor, then simply
crime
. multivariate
your five. Social Concerns and Offense
rate of poverty
inhabitants density
inhabitants mobility
level of solitary parents (female head of households)
drop out rates (school)
6..
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