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Laboratory Long survey. Electronic lab practice Fuzy: The aim of this laboratory was to make all of us familiar with using the different types of digital equipment as well as how to accurately make use of them to make measurements. The equipment utilized in this laboratory included: (i) the sign generator which has been used to give you the power employed in the various techniques, (ii) The oscilloscope which was used to perspective and record the dunes produced from the AC currents and then make relevant calculations depending on that.

iii) The DC power supply was used in the initial two procedures which included using the resistors. (iv) Familiarised with the multimeter and ever done it to take measurements (v) the experiment board which was i did so create most of the circuits and take the required measurements. Method 1: The measurement of resistance. The resistances with the 5k? and 22k? resistors were found using the theory and by taking actual psychic readings. The resistances of the resistors were initially measured simply by comparing the colour bands on the resistors to the colour code chart provided.

The procedure just for this is: there are four rings on each from the resistors, and colour around the band indicates a specific amount on the resistor colour code chart, which provides us the significant figure and the multiplier which can be in powers of 15. The ideals using the color code had been calculated and found to be as follows. * 5. 1k? having a 5% tolerance * 21k? with 10% tolerance. These nominal ideals are the ones that happen to be calculated however in reality using the values of resistance could be a bit different from the ones worked out due to harmful particles.

The actual resistances are scored by using a multimeter, the way this is done would be that the resistors are mounted on a great experiment panel and then the multimeter is connected correct across that. The ideals were documented and found to become as follows: 2. 5. 037k? * twenty one. 047k? | Nominal value| Actual value| 5k? resistor| 5. 1k? 5% tolerance| 5. 307k? | 22k? resistor| 21k? 10% tolerance| 21. 047k| In conclusion, it could be seen that there was a difference in the determined nominal values of the resistors and the real ones that have been calculated.

However they were still within their threshold levels, there could be plenty of causes of that which might include different types of batteries, variations in temperature with the room, pollutants in different parts of the research board that might have afflicted the blood pressure measurements. ‘ The tolerance level is defined as a great allowable deviation from a predefined normal. A value from an try things out or a variance is not considered significant unless it exceeds the limit set by the patience limit. ‘ , www. bridgefieldgroup. om/bridgefieldgroup/glos9. htm That is why, we can suppose these differences in the actual beliefs of the resistors to be minor since they had been within the mentioned tolerances. Procedure 2: The measurement of voltage. In this experiment, the principle was going to create a volts divider routine and to carry out the required measurements were carried out to show the principle of the ac electricity divider. For that, a signal was created where a supply voltage was applied across two resistors R1 and R2 in series as demonstrated in the number below.

Plus the two equations shown below were used to make the important calculations. Photo source: http://www. ermicro. com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/basic_r01. jpg http://diy. griffshp. com/wp-content/VoltageDivider. jpg The experiment was carried by using two resistors of beliefs R1 comparable to 5k? and R2 comparable to 22k?. The resistors were mounted on the experiment panel and the volts divider circuit was created. The strength was offered using a +6v power supply as well as the voltages around each of the resistors was calculated using the Agilent 34401 multimeter.

The values were noted and had been found to be as follows: V1=1. 1846v V2=4. 89v The whole of the voltages adds up to be 6. 0167v which is around about 6v ( your initial voltage supplied) which proves that the voltages are within the required tolerance. To review these measured values towards the nominal principles which can be found using the voltage divider panel equation, replace the values of R1 and R2 and make use of V because 6v to find the voltages across each of V1 and V2. v1=6*55+22=1. 11v * V2=6*225+22=4. 88v | Nominal values| Real values| V1| 1 . 11v| 1 . 1846v| V2| some. 88v| some. 89v| In this experiment it was found the actual beliefs and the nominal vales were not much different by each other. This might have probably been because of the immunities in the wires or loose connections. But they were both within a patience level of five per cent which makes the difference insignificant and accountable for fresh error.

The end result of the research was that the voltages had been shared between two resistors and the bigger resistor got the larger reveal of the ac electricity whereas the smaller resistance got the showed smaller volt quality passing through this. This turned out the principles that we identified using the nominal calculations from the voltages. Process 3: current measurement. Through this experiment, we use the current divider regulation which is like the voltage divider panel equation except that the way the outlet is created is it is in parallel instead of series.

The experiment was set up in the method shown below and the necessary calculations were made. The routine was constructed as shown in the schematic above and a POWER voltage of +6v was passed through it, the currents had been measured in each of the resistors and found to be: * I1(current across 5k? ) =1. 182A 5. I2(current across 22k? )=1. 192A (Ps: The rest of the remaining portion of the report wasn’t able to be finished since the initial lab has not been completed in time and hence the mandatory information was missing. ) Table of Contents: 1 ) Procedure 1 2 . Method 2 several. Procedure a few