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14/07/2010 MPK1023: Administration and Supervision of TVE CONCEPTS or PRINCIPLES or THEORY PM Dr WILFREDO H. LIBUNAO IMPORTANCE OF IMPORTANCE THEORIES Hypotheses are constructed to give evidence of phenomena (Stam, 2000). According to Denzin (1970), there are 3 functions of a theory: 1 ) Permitting firm of explanations, 2 . leading to explanation, and 3. decorating the basis pertaining to prediction of future situations. Importance of Theories…cont’d: In a nutshell, ideas: , Tell us what we are doing Tell us so why we do things , Certainly not how to do something , That help us better be familiar with process , Will allow us to predict what is going to happen in the future 1 Generated by Foxit PDF Inventor © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 Importance of Theories…cont’d: Elements of Theory: • Ideas • Generalizations • Assumptions Purposes of Theory: • Provide an description of how issues generally operate • Information research • Guide practice Importance of Theories…cont’d: Hypotheses: • Conjectural assertions that clarify relationships. • Use to test out theories. • Guide analysis Scientific Know-how: Propositions supported by systematic analysis. Purpose of Scientific research: To test theory and to present reliable justification. Theoretical Program Concepts Generalizations Assumptions Concepts Variables Ideas Variables Empirical Testing Principles © Ya, 2008, © Hoy the year 2003 2 Generated by Foxit PDF Inventor © Foxit Software http://www. foxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 IMPORTANCE OF PRINCIPLES • What exactly concept? • Why is it significant? • Just how is it unlike principles and theories? • Is idea important a manager? The Elefant Six blind sages had been shown a great elephant and met to discuss their experience. It’s amazing, ” said the initially, “an elephant is like a rope: slender and flexible. ” “No, zero, not at all, ” said the second, “an elefant is like a tree, sturdily planted on the ground. ” inch Rubbish, ” said the next, “an elephant is like a wall. ” “Incredible, ” said the fourth, “an hippo is a conduit filled with drinking water. ” “What a strange and piecemeal beast this is, ” said the fifth. “Strange indeed, ” said the sixth, “but there must be some underlying a harmonious relationship. Let us look into the matter additional. ” Tailored from a regular Hindu fairy tale IMPORTANCE OF CONCEPT IMPORTANCE • A concept is actually a mental �tre which allows eneralization and the file format of knowledge by some known objects in front of large audiences unknown. • A concept is by taking several similar agencies and selecting what makes them similar in an important approach. • Concepts are bearers of meaning, as opposed to agents of meaning. A single idea can be portrayed by any number of languages. several Generated by simply Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Application http://www. foxitsoftware. com Pertaining to evaluation only. 14/07/2010 Significance of concept…cont’d • In other words principles are essentially hypotheses that may become incorrect, should they neglect to fit in a few critical method the scientific reality capital t is believed they stand for. • The phrase ‘concept’ refers to a class of acts, thoughts, activities, operations, or buildings. • In science it is concepts drive research, steerage inquiry according to the meaning of every. Importance of concept…cont’d • Principles lead to fresh directions and new ideas through disturbances or provocations in typical thinking operations. • Ideas are keys to change and improvement. SIGNIFICANCE OF PRINCIPLE PRINCIPLE – is considered as a rules, a cort�ge, a policy, or possibly a deep-seated values which governs the deepconduct of various types of man activities. In the field of administration and supervision

THEORY is accepted as a fundamental truth. , – intended for the supervisor and manager, it is very important to acquire good principles, because these will serve as his guide in his reflecting thinking and in his choice of program of activities. some Generated simply by Foxit PDF FORMAT Creator © Foxit Software program http://www. foxitsoftware. com Intended for evaluation simply. 14/07/2010 ESSENTIAL USES OF PRINCIPLES IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION 1 . Principles happen to be means by that the administrator and supervisor continue from one condition to another. , – it indicates that in the operation or in administering/ supervising features, there is a great rganized step-by-step schedule or program of step-byactivities to become followed. 2 . Principles happen to be instrumental in improving teachingteachinglearning process. , – seeing that every manager or director as well as instructors want the very best learning outcomes on the part of the learner, these principles will probably be of great help for the improvement of instruction and other learning activities. Uses of principles in school administration [cont’d] a few. Principles lead to enormous economic climate of time and effort in choosing techniques to provide. , , meaning theory directs all of us on precisely what is the appropriate techniques/strategies to be sequia effectively in the operation of administrative and supervisory capabilities. 4. Concepts eliminate much of the trial and error techniques. , , through it, we can steer clear of waste of time upon what to do, although instead they provide us way or stage of destination. Uses of principles at school administration [cont’d] 5. Concepts greatly promote discovery of recent techniques. , , they are the hypotheses that direct the search for new techniques in university administration and supervision. six. Principles happen to be needed to slowly move the choice and sequence with the techniques available. 5 Made by Foxit PDF Founder © Foxit Software http://www. oxitsoftware. com For evaluation only. 14/07/2010 Uses of principles at school administration [cont’d] 7. Principles aid in the analysis of techniques, for they furnish a larger basis in which to judge the techniques utilized in the school government and direction. , , it is not simply used to decide on what appropriate techniques to be used, but it can also function as measurement as well as basis as to how successful is the approach or methods. 8. Guidelines define the things, which has to be scrutinized in evaluating the results. , , this means the better understanding of the fundamental principles and functions of school dministration and supervision Uses of principles in school supervision [cont’d] 9. Principles prefer evaluate the achievement of management and supervisory programs. , , operations and direction are also directed and assessed in terms of rules. 10. Guidelines lead the administrators and supervisors to further activities for they are energetic and not stationary. , , being a educator, we are as well an manager and supervisors in the real classroom situation, we must see to it that our principles and techniques used happen to be open for any changes and improvement. The Triadic Relationships of

Theory, Practice, and Research Theory, research, and practice will be in a dynamic relationship. Each set of interactions is marriage. reciprocal: theory guides practice, but practice reciprocal: reinforces, refines, or disconfirms theory, theory theory, guides research, but research creates and refines theory, and study guides practice, but practice theory, redirects research. exploration. T Ur P © Hoy, 08, © Hoy 2003 6th Generated by simply Foxit PDF FILE Creator © Foxit Application http://www. foxitsoftware. com To get evaluation just. 14/07/2010 END OF PROGRAM MPK1023: Meters anagement and Management Operations of TVE A dministration 7